Quantum Computer

A quantum computer is a calculation framework that makes immediate utilization of quantum mechanical phenomena, for example, superposition and trap, to perform operations on information. Quantum computers are unique in relation to computerized computers focused around transistors. Though computerized computers oblige information to be encoded into paired digits, each of which is constantly in one of two unmistakable states or, quantum processing uses qubits, which can be in superposition of states. A hypothetical model is the quantum Turing computer, otherwise called the widespread quantum computer. Quantum computers offer hypothetical similitude's with non-deterministic and probabilistic computers; one case is the capability to be in more than one state at the same time. The field of quantum figuring was initially presented by Yuri Man in in 1980 and Richard Feynman in 1982. A quantum computer with twists as quantum bits was additionally planned for utilization as a quantum space time in 1968.

Starting 2014 quantum processing is still in its outset however trials have been done in which quantum computational operations were executed on a little number of qubits. Both useful and hypothetical examination proceeds, and numerous national governments and military financing offices help quantum figuring exploration to create quantum computers for both regular citizen and national security purposes, for example, crypt analysis. Extensive scale quantum computers will have the capacity to take care of specific issues much speedier than any established computer utilizing the best right now known calculations, in the same way as whole number factorization utilizing Shor's calculation or the reenactment of quantum a lot of people body frameworks. There exist quantum calculations, for example, Simon's calculation, which run speedier than any conceivable probabilistic established calculation. Given sufficient computational assets, then again, a traditional computer could be made to recreate any quantum calculation; quantum processing does not disregard the Church Turing proposal.

Parallel Universe

Fantasy has long borrowed the idea of "another world" from myth, legend and religion. Heaven, Hell, Olympus, and Valhalla are all “alternative universes” different from the familiar material realm. Modern fantasy often presents the concept as a series of planes of existence where the laws of nature differ, allowing magical phenomena of some sort on some planes. This concept was also found in ancient Hindu mythology, in texts such as the Purina’s, which expressed an infinite number of universes, each with its own gods. Similarly in Persian literature, 

"The Adventures of Bulukiya", a tale in the One Thousand and One Nights, describes the protagonist Bulukiya learning of alternative worlds/universes that are similar to but still distinct from his own. In other cases, in both fantasy and science fiction, a parallel universe is a single other material reality, and its co-existence with ours is a rationale to bring a protagonist from the author's reality into the fantasy's reality, such as in The Chronicles of Narnia by C. S. Lewis or even the beyond-the-reflection travel in the two main works of Lewis Carroll. 

Or this single other reality can invade our own, as when Margaret Cavendish's English heroine sends submarines and "birdmen" armed with "fire stones" back through the portal from The Blazing World to Earth and wreaks havoc on England's enemies. In dark fantasy or horror the parallel world is often a hiding place for unpleasant things, and often the protagonist is forced to confront effects of this other world leaking into his own, as in most of the work of H. P. Lovecraft and the Doom computer game series, or War hammer/40K miniature and computer games. In such stories, the nature of this other reality is often left mysterious, known only by its effect on our own world.

Parallel universe (fiction)

A parallel universe or alternative reality is a hypothetical self-contained separate reality coexisting with one's own. A specific group of parallel universes is called a "multiverse", although this term can also be used to describe the possible parallel universes that constitute reality. While the terms "parallel universe" and "alternative reality" are generally synonymous and can be used interchangeably in most cases, there is sometimes an additional connotation implied with the term "alternative reality" that implies that the reality is a variant of our own. The term "parallel universe" is more general, without any connotations implying a relationship, or lack of relationship, with our own universe. A universe where the very laws of nature are different – for example, one in which there are no relativistic limitations and the speed of light can be exceeded – would in general count as a parallel universe but not an alternative reality. The correct quantum mechanical definition of parallel universes is "universes that are separated from each other by a single quantum event."

Quantum

In physics, a quantum (plural: quanta) is the minimum amount of any physical entity involved in an interaction. Behind this, one finds the fundamental notion that a physical property may be "quantized," referred to as "the hypothesis of quantization". This means that the magnitude can take on only certain discrete values. There is a related term of quantum number. An example of an entity that is quantized is the energy transfer of elementary particles of matter (called fermions) and of photons and other bosons.

A photon is a single quantum of light, and is referred to as a "light quantum". The energy of an electron bound to an atom (at rest) is said to be quantized, which results in the stability of atoms, and of matter in general.
As incorporated into the theory of quantum mechanics, this is regarded by physicists as part of the fundamental framework for understanding and describing nature at the infinitesimal level.

Normally quanta are considered to be discrete packets with energy stored in them. Max Planck considered these quanta to be particles that can change their form (meaning that they can be absorbed and released). This phenomenon can be observed in the case of black body radiation, when it is being heated and cooled.